According to the civil society organisation (CSO), Progressive Voice the Myanmar military is utilizing the shift of the international community’s focus on the crisis in Ukraine to their full advantage, as they continue to commit heinous acts of violence against civilians, recently in Sagaing and Magwe Regions. In the past week, the Myanmar military razed and burned villages, used the proxy-militia ultranationalist group the Pyu Saw Htee to terrorize civilians and children and attack People’s Defence Force (PDF) groups. Simultaneously, the junta has indefinitely cut the internet to most of Sagaing Region, blocking communication and information from reaching civilians who are left in the dark about impending airstrikes, ground offensives and raids.
The Myanmar military is switching tactics from their old playbook in retaliation to PDFs, by arming and training the ultranationalist Pyu Saw Htee group to act as a militia. Recently leaked military documents shown to local news outlet Myanmar Now show that the Myanmar military has armed 77 Pyu Saw Htee groups in Sagaing Region. Additionally, pro-junta administration staff, as well as Ma Ba Tha ultranationalist Buddhist monks have been provided with military training and weapons.
An increase in defections and casualties and strong resistance from the people, has pushed the junta to create the Pyu Saw Htee, which is a rebrand of Ma Ba Tha ultranationalist group.
The Pyu Saw Htee is made up of military veterans and Buddhist ultranationalist pro-military supporters. It has its roots in Ma Ba Tha, an organization of ultranationalist Buddhists whom the military bred and nurtured, both financially and politically, as a way of exerting control and to give them an air of legitimacy.
Ma Ba Tha is notorious for propagating hate against ethnic and religious communities that are not part of the Bamar Buddhist hegemony. Recent photos and news reports have been circulating online showing Ma Ba Tha monks with guns and there are reports of these monks encouraging civilians to crack down on PDFs. Increasingly, the military junta is using the Pyu Saw Htee to spy and collect information on those who resist the junta, including protesters, those who support the Spring Revolution, PDFs, the National Unity Government (NUG) and Civil Disobedience Movements (CDMs). They also recruit them to protect military informants, spread pro-military propaganda and assist the families of military veterans. The aim is to counter the people’s resistance, as the junta’s coup attempt fails to gain control over the people of Myanmar.
The Pyu Saw Htee is carrying out the junta’s orders in increasingly violent and sadistic ways. On 3 March in Lel Yar Village, Magwe Region, junta and Pyu Saw Htee thugs raided and torched 200 homes, completely destroying essential property including homes, livestock feed, a waterpump, agriculture and food. Approximately 1,700 civilians, including 500 children, fled Lel Yar after they heard gun fire and as the Pyu Saw Htee began to set fire to the houses.
On 4 March, junta and Pyu Saw Htee thugs raided Letpan Hla Village, setting fire to 30 homes and destroying property, with the junta deploying heavy artillery.
The Pyu Saw Htee are wear plain-clothes, and have used their anonymity to terrorize civilians and ambush local PDFs with the support of junta troops. For example, in Myo Thit village in Sagaing Region, where they killed 14 PDF fighters in mid-February. They also form a vital part of the junta’s psychological warfare against the people of Myanmar, terrorizing civilians into submission. The Pyu Saw Htee has become extremely violent lately and has been given carte blanche by the junta to conduct arrests, kill PDF members, and loot and destroy property. They hacve also been accused of assassinating political leaders.
While the Pyu Saw Htee wreaks havoc, the military junta has ordered an indefinite internet blackout in all but four of Sagaing Region’s cities, adding to the eight townships in the region that have been without internet since September 2021. The internet blackouts in Ayadaw, Butalin, Kani, Kawlin, Pale, Pinlebu, Wuntho and Yinmabin are used by the military junta as a premeditated tool of warfare, one that often precedes violent attacks, such as those carried out in Chin State last September and during the Rohingya genocide in 2017. This invariably forms part of the Myanmar military’s four cuts strategy used in ethnic areas over the past six decades, now being employed in central Myanmar regions such as Sagaing and Magwe Regions.
This tactic also serves to hinder communication between PDF fighters, terrorize civilians who have no access to up-to-date information on junta attacks and is used by the junta to cover up their atrocious crimes. A day after the blackout was imposed, junta troops reportedly killed nine civilians and abducted a woman and two children in a raid on Min Swe Hna Swe and Muu Kan Gyi, Sagaing Region. On 5 March, military junta troops conducted a series of attacks on Dan Kone village, Khin-U Township, Sagaing Region, almost burning the entire village to the ground.
At the end of February and under the cover of internet blackouts, military junta forces targeted Chin Pone Village, in Yinmabin Township, Sagaing Region with indiscriminate airstrikes from five Mi-25 combat helicopters, followed by a ground attack where approximately 80 children and nine teachers were held hostage after fleeing to a nearby monastery. At least 13 bodies, some with signs of
torture, were found after troops had raided and set fire to the village. Around 5,000 villages from Chin Pone and surrounding villages fled for their safety. Yet, the rebukes from the international community have not come, which has undermined the people’s resistance.
Waning international attention on atrocities being committed on civilians in Myanmar, only serves to embolden the junta’s terror campaign and in its continuing violations of international law. Progressive Voice believes that a concerted international rebuke that cuts arms, funds and legitimacy to the junta must be coordinated as a matter of extreme urgency. Additionally, the international community must listen to the will of, and prioritize the calls from the people of Myanmar above all else. This includes supporting the Spring Revolution, the NUG and their desire for a fully-fledged federal democracy. The atrocities committed by the junta, and now with the Pyu Saw Htee, since the failed coup attempt launched over 13 months ago on 1 February, 2021 will only increase and worsen if the international community continues to turn their backs on the people of Myanmar. The response by the international community, statements of concern and condemnations of the actions of the Military Council, have never been proportionate to the grave acts committed by the junta. The international community should have stood with the people of Myanmar and lent their support as they have with Ukraine. Such solidarity with the Myanmar people's courageous resistance would have toppled the terrorist military junta and resurrected democracy.
